tobacco amblyopia meaning Toxic optic neuropathy Genetic susceptibility to optic neuropathy

Genetic susceptibility to optic neuropathy in patients with alcohol use disorder Journal of Translational Medicine Springer Nature Link Amblyopia [ LAZY EYE ] is one of the most common causes of vision loss in childhood. Conventionally, amblyopia has been considered as a unilateral visual diminution and hence, most definitions fail Tobacco alcohol optic neuropathy clinical challenges in diagnosis PMC Tobacco can have severe effects on one health. Along with the conditions mentioned above, it may also cause Diabetic retinopathy, Optic nerve damage, Retinal ischemia, Conjunctivitis, and Tobacco alcohol amblyopia. The historic term 'tobaccoalcohol amblyopia' refers to the occurrence of bilateral optic neuropathy in smokers consuming alcoholic beverages. Pathologic features included retinal ganglion cell loss and papillomacular degeneration

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