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Vegans and Vegetarians: B12 is found almost exclusively in animal products, so those on plant-based diets must use fortified foods or supplements Older Adults: reduced stomach acid can decrease B12 absorption from food as we age People with Pernicious Anemia: this autoimmune condition prevents the body from making intrinsic factor, a protein needed for B12 absorption Individuals with Gastrointestinal Conditions: diseases like Crohn's or Celiac disease can impair nutrient absorption Patients Who Have Had Gastric Surgery: procedures like gastric bypass can reduce the body's ability to absorb B12 Certain Medications: drugs such as Metformin and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can interfere with B12 absorption Medically-Approved vs

Injury location: Areas with better blood supply typically heal faster than poorly vascularized tissues

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So, even though vitamin B12 is water-soluble (meaning your body typically excretes excess through urine), extremely high levels may occasionally lead to side effects, including: Headaches or dizziness Digestive issues, such as diarrhea Skin reactions like itching or rashes Allergic reactions (rare but very serious) To avoid this, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the correct vitamin B12 dosage for your needs

In a year or two there might be more vaccine options and lower dosing choices available