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Indeed, mucosal GSH depletion for a prolonged period of time (35 days) induced by diverse agents, such as BSO or DEM, results in severe degeneration of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells (Martensson et al, 1990

Therefore, it has been suggested to use the terms primary organic or primary psychogenic ED

These changes in intracellular GSH levels affect key biological processes, including signal transduction, cell survival, proliferation (167) and various forms of cell death (168,169)

Considering that CHAC1 is responsible for glutathione degradation and GLRX is the most well-studied catalytic enzyme for deglutathionylation, we examined the expression levels of CHAC1 and GLRX in these cells

Studies were eligible regardless of administration route, dosing regimen, treatment duration, or sex, provided that interventions were applied postnatally to maintain translational relevance