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doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2016.41 26 OchandoJOrdikhaniFBorosPJordanS

Flux along this pathway is likely to be increased under general conditions in which the mitochondrial NADH:NAD + ratio increases, which would include hypoxia and where there are deficiencies in NADH oxidation due to mitochondrial dysfunction

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1 H NMR (300 MHz, D2O): = 4.10 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 1 H, CHNH2), 4.04 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 1 H, CHNH2), 3.323.17 (m, 2 H, CH2NHC(O)), 2.61 (dt, J = 7.2 Hz, J = 2.4 Hz, 2 H, CH2SH), 2.242.11 (m, 2 H, CH2CH2SH), 2.031.85 (m, 2 H, HOOCCH(NH2)CH2), 1.641.55 (m, 3 H, CH2CH2NHC(O)), SH), 1.511.36 (m, 2 H, CH2CH2CH2NHC(O))

In experimental systems, the combination is studied as a model for examining how complementary peptide signaling pathways influence tissue remodeling and cellular repair responses